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Source file src/reflect/deepequal.go

Documentation: reflect

     1  // Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
     2  // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
     3  // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
     4  
     5  // Deep equality test via reflection
     6  
     7  package reflect
     8  
     9  import "unsafe"
    10  
    11  // During deepValueEqual, must keep track of checks that are
    12  // in progress. The comparison algorithm assumes that all
    13  // checks in progress are true when it reencounters them.
    14  // Visited comparisons are stored in a map indexed by visit.
    15  type visit struct {
    16  	a1  unsafe.Pointer
    17  	a2  unsafe.Pointer
    18  	typ Type
    19  }
    20  
    21  // Tests for deep equality using reflected types. The map argument tracks
    22  // comparisons that have already been seen, which allows short circuiting on
    23  // recursive types.
    24  func deepValueEqual(v1, v2 Value, visited map[visit]bool) bool {
    25  	if !v1.IsValid() || !v2.IsValid() {
    26  		return v1.IsValid() == v2.IsValid()
    27  	}
    28  	if v1.Type() != v2.Type() {
    29  		return false
    30  	}
    31  
    32  	// We want to avoid putting more in the visited map than we need to.
    33  	// For any possible reference cycle that might be encountered,
    34  	// hard(v1, v2) needs to return true for at least one of the types in the cycle,
    35  	// and it's safe and valid to get Value's internal pointer.
    36  	hard := func(v1, v2 Value) bool {
    37  		switch v1.Kind() {
    38  		case Ptr:
    39  			if v1.typ.ptrdata == 0 {
    40  				// go:notinheap pointers can't be cyclic.
    41  				// At least, all of our current uses of go:notinheap have
    42  				// that property. The runtime ones aren't cyclic (and we don't use
    43  				// DeepEqual on them anyway), and the cgo-generated ones are
    44  				// all empty structs.
    45  				return false
    46  			}
    47  			fallthrough
    48  		case Map, Slice, Interface:
    49  			// Nil pointers cannot be cyclic. Avoid putting them in the visited map.
    50  			return !v1.IsNil() && !v2.IsNil()
    51  		}
    52  		return false
    53  	}
    54  
    55  	if hard(v1, v2) {
    56  		// For a Ptr or Map value, we need to check flagIndir,
    57  		// which we do by calling the pointer method.
    58  		// For Slice or Interface, flagIndir is always set,
    59  		// and using v.ptr suffices.
    60  		ptrval := func(v Value) unsafe.Pointer {
    61  			switch v.Kind() {
    62  			case Ptr, Map:
    63  				return v.pointer()
    64  			default:
    65  				return v.ptr
    66  			}
    67  		}
    68  		addr1 := ptrval(v1)
    69  		addr2 := ptrval(v2)
    70  		if uintptr(addr1) > uintptr(addr2) {
    71  			// Canonicalize order to reduce number of entries in visited.
    72  			// Assumes non-moving garbage collector.
    73  			addr1, addr2 = addr2, addr1
    74  		}
    75  
    76  		// Short circuit if references are already seen.
    77  		typ := v1.Type()
    78  		v := visit{addr1, addr2, typ}
    79  		if visited[v] {
    80  			return true
    81  		}
    82  
    83  		// Remember for later.
    84  		visited[v] = true
    85  	}
    86  
    87  	switch v1.Kind() {
    88  	case Array:
    89  		for i := 0; i < v1.Len(); i++ {
    90  			if !deepValueEqual(v1.Index(i), v2.Index(i), visited) {
    91  				return false
    92  			}
    93  		}
    94  		return true
    95  	case Slice:
    96  		if v1.IsNil() != v2.IsNil() {
    97  			return false
    98  		}
    99  		if v1.Len() != v2.Len() {
   100  			return false
   101  		}
   102  		if v1.Pointer() == v2.Pointer() {
   103  			return true
   104  		}
   105  		for i := 0; i < v1.Len(); i++ {
   106  			if !deepValueEqual(v1.Index(i), v2.Index(i), visited) {
   107  				return false
   108  			}
   109  		}
   110  		return true
   111  	case Interface:
   112  		if v1.IsNil() || v2.IsNil() {
   113  			return v1.IsNil() == v2.IsNil()
   114  		}
   115  		return deepValueEqual(v1.Elem(), v2.Elem(), visited)
   116  	case Ptr:
   117  		if v1.Pointer() == v2.Pointer() {
   118  			return true
   119  		}
   120  		return deepValueEqual(v1.Elem(), v2.Elem(), visited)
   121  	case Struct:
   122  		for i, n := 0, v1.NumField(); i < n; i++ {
   123  			if !deepValueEqual(v1.Field(i), v2.Field(i), visited) {
   124  				return false
   125  			}
   126  		}
   127  		return true
   128  	case Map:
   129  		if v1.IsNil() != v2.IsNil() {
   130  			return false
   131  		}
   132  		if v1.Len() != v2.Len() {
   133  			return false
   134  		}
   135  		if v1.Pointer() == v2.Pointer() {
   136  			return true
   137  		}
   138  		for _, k := range v1.MapKeys() {
   139  			val1 := v1.MapIndex(k)
   140  			val2 := v2.MapIndex(k)
   141  			if !val1.IsValid() || !val2.IsValid() || !deepValueEqual(val1, val2, visited) {
   142  				return false
   143  			}
   144  		}
   145  		return true
   146  	case Func:
   147  		if v1.IsNil() && v2.IsNil() {
   148  			return true
   149  		}
   150  		// Can't do better than this:
   151  		return false
   152  	default:
   153  		// Normal equality suffices
   154  		return valueInterface(v1, false) == valueInterface(v2, false)
   155  	}
   156  }
   157  
   158  // DeepEqual reports whether x and y are ``deeply equal,'' defined as follows.
   159  // Two values of identical type are deeply equal if one of the following cases applies.
   160  // Values of distinct types are never deeply equal.
   161  //
   162  // Array values are deeply equal when their corresponding elements are deeply equal.
   163  //
   164  // Struct values are deeply equal if their corresponding fields,
   165  // both exported and unexported, are deeply equal.
   166  //
   167  // Func values are deeply equal if both are nil; otherwise they are not deeply equal.
   168  //
   169  // Interface values are deeply equal if they hold deeply equal concrete values.
   170  //
   171  // Map values are deeply equal when all of the following are true:
   172  // they are both nil or both non-nil, they have the same length,
   173  // and either they are the same map object or their corresponding keys
   174  // (matched using Go equality) map to deeply equal values.
   175  //
   176  // Pointer values are deeply equal if they are equal using Go's == operator
   177  // or if they point to deeply equal values.
   178  //
   179  // Slice values are deeply equal when all of the following are true:
   180  // they are both nil or both non-nil, they have the same length,
   181  // and either they point to the same initial entry of the same underlying array
   182  // (that is, &x[0] == &y[0]) or their corresponding elements (up to length) are deeply equal.
   183  // Note that a non-nil empty slice and a nil slice (for example, []byte{} and []byte(nil))
   184  // are not deeply equal.
   185  //
   186  // Other values - numbers, bools, strings, and channels - are deeply equal
   187  // if they are equal using Go's == operator.
   188  //
   189  // In general DeepEqual is a recursive relaxation of Go's == operator.
   190  // However, this idea is impossible to implement without some inconsistency.
   191  // Specifically, it is possible for a value to be unequal to itself,
   192  // either because it is of func type (uncomparable in general)
   193  // or because it is a floating-point NaN value (not equal to itself in floating-point comparison),
   194  // or because it is an array, struct, or interface containing
   195  // such a value.
   196  // On the other hand, pointer values are always equal to themselves,
   197  // even if they point at or contain such problematic values,
   198  // because they compare equal using Go's == operator, and that
   199  // is a sufficient condition to be deeply equal, regardless of content.
   200  // DeepEqual has been defined so that the same short-cut applies
   201  // to slices and maps: if x and y are the same slice or the same map,
   202  // they are deeply equal regardless of content.
   203  //
   204  // As DeepEqual traverses the data values it may find a cycle. The
   205  // second and subsequent times that DeepEqual compares two pointer
   206  // values that have been compared before, it treats the values as
   207  // equal rather than examining the values to which they point.
   208  // This ensures that DeepEqual terminates.
   209  func DeepEqual(x, y interface{}) bool {
   210  	if x == nil || y == nil {
   211  		return x == y
   212  	}
   213  	v1 := ValueOf(x)
   214  	v2 := ValueOf(y)
   215  	if v1.Type() != v2.Type() {
   216  		return false
   217  	}
   218  	return deepValueEqual(v1, v2, make(map[visit]bool))
   219  }
   220  

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